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Bosch, Herman A.J. in den
Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1983): Voortplantingsgegevens van Algyroides moreoticus BIBRON & BORY, 1833, de Peloponnesos kielhagedis. – Lacerta, Gravenhage, 41 (10/11): 182-194. (10-20) Courtship and aggressive behaviour of Algyroides moreoticus in captivity are described for the first time. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1985): Voortplantingsgegevens van Algyroides nigropunctatus, de blauwkeelkielhagedis. – Lacerta, 44 (1): 6-15. (12-28) Captive breeding of Algyroides nigropunctatus is reported. It behaves rather shy and is easily disturbed. Observations on courtship are limited to six complete sessions of three different couples. Precopulatory behaviour consists of the usual lacertid tail-biting of about 30 seconds. Next he secures a flankhold, which takes 20 seconds. Copulation of 40 seconds follows. After this he does not release the female. During this post-copulatory bite, the male´s head will make jerking movements, somewhat resembling chewing. After a few minutes the female bites in his head for about ten minutes. Hereby the pair haltingly moves in circles. The female will eventually let go of the male´s head. Several minutes later he releases the female. The breeding season indoors lasts from the end of March till the end of July. In this period two to five batches of three to six eggs are laid. Eggs measure 6.7 x 10.7 mm. At 25°C as well as at 29°C and 99 % relative humidity these grow to 11.3 x 15.8 mm. They hatch after 43-45 days at 25°C and after 35-37 days at 29°C. Newly hatched juveniles measure 22.4 + 43.1 mm (snout-vent + tail length). None of the eggs hatched at room temperature (18-22°C). Growth curves of the young are presented: the females have a distinctly shorter tail. The colour of the juveniles is described as is the seasonal change in colour. The species reproduces before ist is one year old and not yet full-grown. Bosch, H.A.J. inden (1985): Seizoensritmiek van Algyroides nigropunctatus, de blauwkeelkielhagedis, in het buitenterrarium. – Lacerta, 44 (2): 21-37. (14-02) Observations for five consecutive years on Algyroides nigropunctatus kept in an outdoor enclosure, are reported. The lizards showed a high degree of seasonal colour-matching with their environemtn.A clear patterning was established in seasonal and daily behaviour routines. Mating took place from the end of April until the beginning of August. In this period the male was much more active than the female, which related territoriality and sexual behaviour. His moving about was usually confined to distinct paths. Per year three to four clutches were laif between the beginning of May and the end of August. Juveniles hatched only once, after an incubation of presumably 55 days. Both in early spring and in late autumn, thesy retired from sight before the rays of the sun left the terrarium. In general, behaviour was strongly positively correlated with the amount of sunshine. However, in July and August daily activity was bimodal because of high noon-temperature. The female started hibernation at the end of October; the male about two weeks later. They emerged after five and four months respectively. The male was early, probably because of physiological and territorial reproductive advantages. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1986): Beschränkte Freilandnahrungsanalysen an Algyroides fitzingeri (WIEGMANN, 1834 auf Sardinien. – Salamandra, Bonn, 22 (1): 47-54. (11-25) Die Nahrung von Algyroides fitzingeri aus Sardinien wurde an Hand von Faecesanalysen bei 42 freilebenden Exemplaren untersucht. Diese Methode wird im Vergleich zu Mageninhalts-Analysen kurz besprochen. Die bestimmten Beutetiere gehören – bedingt durch Biotop und Lebensweise von A. fitzingeri und relative Genießbarkeit – vorwiegend zu den Spinnen (Arachnida) und Käfern (Coleoptera) und, in geringem Maße, den Fliegen (Diptera), Schaben (Blattaria) und Homoptera. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1986): Zu Fortpflanzung und sozialem Verhalten von Psammodromus hispanicus FITZINGER, 1826, nebst einigen Bemerkungen zu Psammodromus algirus (LINNAEUS, 1766). – Salamandra, Bonn, 22 (2/3): 113-125. (44-06) Nach einigen Freilandbeobachtungen und Angaben über die Terrarienhaltung folgen Beschreibungen des Fortpflanzungsverhaltens von Psammodromus hispanicus und Psammodromus algirus. – P.-hispanicus-Männchen ergreifen während der 40 s dauernden Kopulation eine Hautfalte am Rücken des Weibchens; P.-algirus-Männchen verbeißen sich im Nacken des Weibchens und kopulieren 8 min. Eiablage und Eimaße beider Arten sowie die Inkubationsdauer, außerdem Länge und Gewicht der Jungtiere von P. hispanicus werden beschrieben. P. hispanicus wird in weniger als einam Jahr geschlechtsreif. Ein Lebensalter von mehr als drei Jahren ist in der Gefangenschaft nicht ungewöhnlich. Farbänderungen und das Jugendkleid von P. hispanicus werden erwähnt. Schnauzenwippen als Demutsgebärde, Neinschütteln des Weibchens zur Abwehr vonbegattungsversuchen, Piepsen zur Abwehr von Bedrohungen sowie das Kampfverhalten der Männchen werden für P. hispanicus beschrieben. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1987): Voortplantingsgegevens van Algyroides fitzingeri, de Tyrrheense kielhagedis. – Lacerta, 45 (4): 50-60. (11-29) In Sardinia the small Algyroides fitzingeri proved to be a very active species, shuttling between areas of high and low insolation. This is explained by its high surface to mass ratio. In the field, sexual activity seems to start in early May and it may last till the end of June. Indoors, following hibernation from December till March, it was observed from the second decade of March until the end of May. Courtship display adheres to the usual lacertid pattern, and may take about 30 seconds. Once the flank hold is ascertained, a copulation of about 100 seconds will follow. The flank hold outlasts copulation for almost half an hour. During this period the male jerks his head laterally and his tail vibrates at varying intensity. In captivity, three ovipositions per female, each with two eggs, were recorded inMay and June. The first oviposition in Sardinia was observed on May 18; egg-laying is assumed to last well into Juli. Eggs measure 5.6 x 9.7 mm and weigh 0.18 g. Eggs incubated at 25°C, as well as those kept at room temperature (19-25°C), and 99 % relative humidity, grow to 8.9 x 14.3 mm and 0.74 g. Hatchlings appear after 51 and 92 days respectively and measure 20+35 mm and weigh 0.21 g. The gradual transition into the non sex-dependent adult colouration is described. An intensively coloured blue throat was only seen in specimens preserved in alcohol. In captivity at least some A. fitzingeri attain adulthood within a year. Bosch, H.A.J. ind en (1989): Waarnemingen aan de Mosor-berghagedis (Lacerta mosorensis). – Lacerta, 47 (4): 108-111. (15-07) Courtship of Lacerta mosorensis, after the usual preliminaries with a short ´chase` and tail-biting, consists of a flank-hold of the female and a copulation of about 15 minutes. Three minutes after intromission 35 (on average) lumbal pushing motions by the male were recorded: one about every two seconds, in a somewhat decreasing frequency. AT 25°C the eggs need just 31 days to hatch. At the moment of oviposition the embryos have at least reached stage 30 in their development, i.e. one week ahead of many other European lizard species. Egg sizes and measurements on one juvenile are reported. But for the dark turquoise tail, which colour disappeared within a month, the young resembled its parents. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1990): Voortplantingsgegevens van Algyroides marchi, de Spaanse kielhagedis. – Lacerta, 48 (2): 48-54. (12-08) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1990): Voortplantingsgegevens van Algyroides marchi, de Spaanse kielhagedis (vervolg). – Lacerta, 48 (3): 66-71. (12-10) After hibernation from November till February/March, courtship of Algyroides marchi was observed in captivity from the second week of March until the end of May, beginning of June. The usual lacertid pre-copulatory display of about one minute which involved a tail bite, was followed by a flankhold on the female near a hind leg. Copulation can last from one to 22 minutes; seven minutes on average. Genital contact ended shortly after the male released his bite. In contrast to the other Algyroides species, no post-ovipositions per female, each clutch with one to three eggs, was recorded from the end of April till the end of June. Eggs measured 5.7 x 10.6 mm and weighed 0.20 g. Incubated at 25°C and 29°C (99 % relative himidity) these grew to 9.9 x 14.7 mm and 0.87 g. Hatchlings appeared after 49 and 34 days respectively, measured 22 + 37 mm, weighed 0.31 g, and resembled their parewnts but for the darker extremities and greywhite ventral surface. Adult dimensions were reached within four months, and they were sexually mature in their first spring. Measurements on a field sample of juveniles from the Sierra de Cazorla in October 1986 strongly suggested three ovipositions also in the field. The leg movements in the behavioural pattern Treteln (head-bobbing + front-leg lifting) are rarely performed. A relation with the species´ saxicolous nature (it even walks upside down on the underside of rocks) on which all four legs are needed for grip, is tempting. A. marchi seemed to prefer humid environments, possibly caused by competitions pressure: in dry terraria no problems were encountered. Lack of rainfall in their habitats as in recent years could therefore be a greater threat than the increase in tourist developments in the area. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1990): Bemerkenswertes Alter einer Ionischen Kieleidechse Algyroides moreoticus. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 1990 (1): 16-17. (14-03) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1990): Lacerta parva. Courtship and reproduction. – Herpetological Review, 21 (1): 20. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1991): De incubatieduur van eieren van de Brilhagedis (Podarcis perspicillata). – Lacerta, 49 (5): 146-154. (64-30) In comparison with other palearctic lizards with 40 days at 29°C and 54 days at 25°C, the incubation period of Podarcis (Teira) perspicillata takes much longer: 62 days and 87 days respectively. Podarcis (Teira) dugesii and Lacerta cappadocica have similar long durations. Possibly the young tide over the long, dry summer in the egg. The strong egg-shell is illustrated. The egg growth of P. perspicillata – as that of other palearctic lizards – does not show a resting stage: Using data of 26 species bred under identical conditions, the possible existence of temperature optima – or temperatures in the natural habitats to which the eggs are adapted for the development of the embryos is investigated. Between 25-29°C a change of 1°C leads to a 3,5 days change in incubation period. P. perspicillata at 25°C takes 31,6 days longer than average. An increase of 9°C is needed to lead to the average duration. An ´optimum` temperature for P. perspicillata eggs is thus dtermined to be 34°C. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1991): Verhalten von Podarcis tiliguerta (GMELIN, 1789) an Oasen. – Salamandra, Bonn, 27 (3): 158-162. (48-14) Podarcis tiliguerta wurden im Juli 1989 in den Gennargentu-Bergen, Sardinien, beobachtet, wie sie sich an winzigen Wasserstellen sammelten, den einzigen Trinkmöglichkeiten. In dieser ungewöhnlichen Situation rieben sie immer wieder ihre Kloaken gegen den Boden, wobei die Schwanzbasis hoch gehalten und die Hinterbeine nach dorso-lateral gestreckt wurden. Diese Bewegung wird als Demutsgebärde gedeutet; das sonst bekannte Treteln wird aus funktionellen Gründen als hier nicht möglich angesehen. Die Deutung als Übersprungshandlung wird ausgeschlossen. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1991): Farbänderung bei einer schwarzen Podarcis dugesii. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 1991 (4): 15-16. (39-23) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1992): Farbänderung bei einer schwarzen Podarcis dugesii (Fortsetzung). – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 1992 (7): 21-23. (38-14) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1992): A new locality for Lacerta bedriagae (Camerano) in northern Sardinia with data on reproduction. – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 13: 197-201. (14-25) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1992): De hagedissen van Tyrrhenië. – Dieren, 9: 68-72. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1993): Courtship behaviour inEuropean lizards: an introduction with video recordings. – Abst. 1st Congress on Lacertids of the Mediterranean basin. Mytilini, April 1993. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1993): Balzverhalten bei europäischen Eidechsen. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 1993 (8): 26. (58-05) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1993): Lacerta parva. Balz und Fortpflanzung. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 1993 (10): 22-24. (50-05) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): First record of mating plugs in lizards. – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 15: 89-93. (02-06) Algyroides marchi, Algyroides moreoticus, Algyroides nigropunctatus, Eremias arguta, Gallotia atlantica, Lacerta agilis, Lacerta anatolica, Lacerta andreanszkyi, Lacerta cappadocica, Lacerta caucasica, Lacerta derjugini, Lacerta graeca, Lacerta horvathi, Lacerta laevis, Lacerta monticola, Lacerta mosorensis, Lacerta nairensis, Lacerta oertzeni, Lacerta parvula, Lacerta praticola, Lacerta rudis, Lacerta schreiberi, Lacerta strigata, Lacerta valentini, Lacerta viridis, Ophisops elegans, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis erhardii, Podarcis filfolensis, Podarcis hispanica, Podarcis lilfordi, Podarcis muralis, Podarcis perspicillata, Podarcis tiliguerta, Podarcis wagleriana, Psammodromus blanci. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): Veldwaarnemingen aan de Libanese berghagedis (Lacerta fraasii). – Lacerta, Leiden, 52 (2): 26-34. (28-29) Based on observations at a previously unsurveyed locality at 1950 in altitude in the Sannin Mountains (Ayoun Assiman). Lacerta fraasii proved to be much more abundant than was previously assumed. A conservative preliminary estimate is one lizard per 30 m² in this area, although the density is probably much higher. The first observations were made May 9th between 8h30 and 12h00, during which time 23 animals were caught and measured; the close to, or in, the very prickly, cushion-like Astralagus bushes that grow on the stony slopes. Each bush appeared to be inhabited by at least two L. fraasii, and ofter also by one or more Mabuya vittata. In general, vegetation was very scarce. The snow had just started to melt, and some animals sunnned themselves only centimetres away from the snow. Temperatures ranged from slightly above freezing early in the morning, to 10.4°C in the shade and 25.8°C in the sun around noon. Presumably the lizards hade very recently come out of hibernation, as also indicated by the higher number of males (13), in comparison to females (8) and subadults (2). Because snow begins to fall again in October, the lizards have an active season of six months or less. An analysis of feacal pellets revealed a remarkably varied diet of arthropods in early spring, however spiders and beetles were the main components. Although lateral spots appear blue in alcohol-preserved specimens, and are reported as such in the literature, most spots have an unmistakable green tinge and the smaller posterior ones are ofter yellow on living males. The greenish-blue spots are frequently paler or missing on females. Both sexes may be yellow or white ventrally. A bright band of green and yellow with black spots occurs in the transition zone between the dorsals and ventrals of males. Males reach a longer head-body length (55 mm) than females (51 mm).Male tail lngths were also longer (105 mm) than those of females (76 mm).Lebanese mountain lizards maintained interraria are calm and not overly shy. They are surpisingly active diggers, although they also climb well. High temperatures are avoided. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): Het leefgebied van Gallotia simonyi, de Reuzenhagedis van Hierro. – Lacerta, 52 (4): 94-100. (24-27) The only known recent locality of Gallotia simonyi near Frontera on Hierro, Canary Islands, was visited at the end of March. At this time of the year the vegetation has only just started to develop. A list is provided of recognized and potential food plants for this mainly vegetarian species. Remarkably, most of these are ligneous and seem to have a low nutritional value. However, recent work indicates that later in the year the herbaceous plant Psoralea bituminosa is the major food item in the diet of adults. The leguminosid plant was only just budding on the rock face in March. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): Der Lebensraum von Gallotia simonyi, der Rieseneidechse von Hierro. – Übersetzung aus Lacerta, 52 (4): 94-100. (25-14) Der einzige bekannte rezente Standort von Gallotia simonyi, nahe Frontera auf Hierro, Kanarische Inseln, wurde Ende März besucht. Zu dieser Jahreszeit hat die Vegetation gerade begonnen, sich zu entwickeln. Eine Liste der erkannten hauptsächlichen Futterpflanzen dieser überwiegend vegetarischen Art wird vorgestellt. Außergewöhnlich ist, daß die meisten von ihnen verholzt sind und scheinbar einen geringen Nährwert haben. Neuere Arbeiten belegen jedoch, daß später im Jahr die krautige Pflanze Psoralea bituminosa der bedeutendste Nahrungsposten der erwachsenen Tiere ist. Dieser Hülsenfrüchter war im März in der Felswand nur knospend. Strenger Seewind, kombiniert mit häufig bewölktem Himmel, ist charakteristisch für den Lebensraum dieser Art, 300-500 m hoch gelegen an einer nach Südwesten exponierten offenen Felswand, mit kühlen Umgebungstemperaturen zwischen 12 und 32°C. Die jährliche Aktivitätsperiode von G. simonyi erstreckt sich von Ende März bis zum frühen Herbst, wo die Eidechsen allmählich mit der Winterruhe beginnen. Der Höhepunkt der Aktivität liegt im Sommer. In dieser Zeit erscheinen die Tiere of lethargisch, und sie sind sehr scheu. Dies scheint eine energiesparende Taktik gegenüber der rauhen Umwelt zu sein. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): Freilandbeobachtungen an der Libanon-Eidechse Lacerta fraasii LEHRS, 1910. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 5 (11): 13-20. (28-27) In der Nähe von Ayoun Assiman (Sannin-Gebirge) war Lacerta fraasii Anfang Mai in 1950 m Höhe relativ häufig. Ich fand mindestens 1 Exemplar auf 30 m². Zwischen abschmelzenden Schneefeldern fand ich die meisten Tiere in Astralagus-Polstern, die an den steinigen Hängen wachsen, oder in deren unmittelbarer Nähe. Oft fand ich die Eidechsen zusammen mit einer oder mehreren Mabuya vittata. Die Temperatur lag am frühen Morgen um den Gefrierpunkt, in der Mittagssonne betruf sie 25,8°C. Weil das Gebiet spätestens im Oktober wieder von Schnee bedeckt ist, können die Eidechsen nur maximal 6 Monate im Jahr aktiv sein. Kotuntersuchungen zeigten eine sehr variable Nahrungszusammensetzung, aber mit Spinnen und Käfern als Hauptbeuteobjekten. L. fraasii gewöhnt sich sehr schnell im Terrarium ein, wo sie gerne klettert und, etwas unerwartet, auch sehr viel gräbt. Hohe Temperaturen meidet sie. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1994): Antwort auf „Eine alternative Hypothese“ von ARNDT. – elaphe N.F., Rheinbach, 2 (2): 19-20. (36-23) Natürlich ist es immer schwierig, für zwei relativ kurze Beobachtungen, wie bei dem von mir „Oasenverhalten“ genannten Komplex, eine schlüssige Erklärung zu geben. Deswegen sind Alternativen nicht erwünscht, was aber nicht heißt, daß die von ARNDT überzeugen könnten. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1995): Unerklärte Eidechsenkrankheiten I. Tränaugen. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 6 (14): 20-23. (57-27) Ein Krankheitsbild bei Algyroides-, Gallotia-, Lacerta- und Podarcis-Arten wird beschrieben, bei dem ein mäßiger bis starker, wäßriger Tränenfluß das auffälligste Symptom ist. Futter und Wasser werden verweigert. Die Prognose ist sehr ungünstig: meistens gehen die Tiere ein. Antibiotika wie Tetracyclin und Sulfathiazol blieben wirkungslos. Ob die Krankheit ansteckend ist, bleibt ungewiß. Einige Arten, wie Smaragdeidechsen, scheinen anfälliger zu sein. Streß könnte bei dieser Krankheit eoine wichtige Rolle spielen. Gallotia atlantica, Lacerta anatolica anatolica, Lacerta bedriagae bedriagae, Lacerta fraasii, Lacerta oertzeni ibrahimi, Lacerta perspicillata, Podarcis milensis. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1995): Auf der Suche nach Lacerta fraasii im Libanon. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 6 (14): 30. (51-07) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1995): Fortpflanzung von Lacerta unisexualis im Terrarium. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 6 (15): 6-8. (11-08) Fortpflanzungsdaten der parthenogenetischen Lacerta unisexualis werden präsentiert. Meistens legen die Tiere einmal pro Jahr 1 bis 5 Eier, durchschnittlich 3,4 Eier pro Gelege. Fertile Eier messen 7,5 x 12,3 mm und sind 0,43 g schwer. Beim Schlupf haben sie 11,1 x 18,9 mm und 1,51 g erreicht. Die Jungtiere schlüpfen bei 25°C nach 51 Tagen; bei 29°C nach 40 Tagen. Sie haben eine Kopf-Rumpflänge von 27 und eine Schwanzlänge von 47 mm und sind 0,49 g schwer. Im terrarium legten die Jungtiere in ihrem ersten Frühjahr keine Eier. Einige Farbmerkmale, darunter große blaue Axillarflecken, werden erwähnt. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1995): Unerklärte Eidechsenkrankheiten II: Überaktive Femoralporen. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 6 (16): 5-8. (57-24) Ein Krankheitsbild bei Männchen von Lacerta-, Podarcis- und Psammodromus-Arten wird beschrieben wobei die Verhärtung und Zusammenklumpung der wachsartigen Stäbchen aus überaktiven Femoraldrüsen das auffälligste Symptom ist. Die Prognose ist indifferent: die Tiere überleben fast immer ohne große Probleme, wobei Apathie und verringertes Sexualverhalten beobachtet wurden. Infektionsgefahr scheint nicht zu bestehen. Möglich ist, daß Stoffwechsel- oder Hormonbalanceprobleme eine Rolle spielen. Ein Erfahrungsaustausch ist erwünscht. Lacerta anatolica anatolica, Lacerta mosorensis, Lacerta oertzeni ibrahimi, Lacerta parva, Podarcis dugesii, Podarcis wagleriana, Psammodromus algirus. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1996): Europese halskraaghagedissen. – In: Bosch, H.A.J. in den (ed.): Lacerta´s Beginnersgids. Reptielen en amfibieen. 32-36. (02-07) Algyroides fitzingeri, Lacerta bilineata, Lacerta lepida, Lacerta media, Lacerta oxycephala, Lacerta pamphylica, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta vivipara, Podarcis dugesii, Podarcis lilfordi, Podarcis milensis, Podarcis muralis, Podarcis pityusensis, Podarcis sicula, Psammodromus algirus, Teira perspicillata. Bosch, H.A.H. in den (1998): Op zoek naar de Perzische hagedis (Lacerta brandtii). – Lacertam Leiden, 54 (4): 121-128. (50-12) In April 1995, during unseasonably cold, wet weather, five specimens of Lacerta brandtii were caught in Iran: one 35 km east of Tabriz next to the small lake at Guritshul (1900 m), and four near Bazoft inKuh Rang (2500 m), 150 km west of Esfahan. The latter is only the second report for this mountain range sice the Street Expedition of 1968 collected seven specimens. No differences in pholidosis were found between the four male Kuh Rang lizards and the published data for the populations in north-western Iran. It appears that yellow is less prominent in the coloration of the L. brandtii of Kuh Rang. The annual change in coloration is described.Around three weeks after ending hibernation the male´s dorsal and lateral regions of the frontal part of the body change from dull brown into bright green, the posterior half into a fair hazel. Troats can still be yellow at this stage but will frequently change into blue, the colour often also spreading to the labials. From faintly yellow the belly will turn brightly (Greenish) yellow, the region around the cloaca, the underside of the tail and the undersides of the hind legs change into orange. Unlike some literature suggests, this colour is not found in the pelvic region of the supposedly related species L. fraasii and L. parva. Around July the dorsal and lateral colours darken, the green disappears, and the ventral colours pale. Even before hibernation starts some throats nay already acquire a blue tinge. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1996): Auf der Suche nach Lacerta brandtii im Iran. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 7 (17): 46. (50-18) Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1996): Bemerkungen zur Gelegzahl von Adolfus jacksoni (BOULENGER, 1899). – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 7 (18): 13-15. (11-17) Im Zeitraum von Januar bis September produziert Adolfus jacksoni im Zimmerterrarium 3 bis 5 Gelege, jedes überwiegend mit 3 bis 4 Eiern. Im dreijährigen Beobachtungszeitraum fanden die meisten Eiablagen im Januar und von Mai bis Juli statt. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1997): Kurze Freilandbeobachtungen an den Petra-Eidechsen. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 8 (1): 25-29. (57-19) Im April, bei Temperaturen um 30°C, zeigten die Petra-Eidechsen eine bimodale Aktivität. Sie schienen den Boden zu meiden und bevorzugten vertikale Felswände, wobei lange, horizontale Risse ihr besonderes Interesse fanden. Vermutlich territoriale Auseinandersetzungen und auch ein trächtiges Weibchen deuten darauf hin, daß im April die Fortpflanzungszeit bereits begonnen hat. Basierend auf der etwas reichlicher vorhandenen Vegetation des Habitats in diesem Wüstengebiet, haben die Petra-Eidechsen vermutlich eine Vorliebe für eine etwas feuchtere Umgebung, die aber immerhin doch viel trockener ist, als die von Lacerta laevis im Nahen Osten bekannte, mit denen die Lacerta kulzeri-Gruppe so ost verwechselt worden ist. Womöglich steht die saxicole Lebensweise, jedenfalls teilweise, mit Konkurrenz zum bodenbewohnenden Acanthodactylus boskianus im Zusammenhang. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1997): Paarungsverhalten der Ma´alula-Eidechsen. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 8 (2): 54-57. (02-08) Das Paarungsverhalten der Ma´alula-Eidechsen besteht aus dem üblichen Beginn mit Schwanzbiß, hauptsächlich an der Schwanzbasis des Weibchens ausgeführt (Dauer: 64 ± 31 Sek. [42-133 Sek.] n = 8), wonach das Männchen direkt vor dessen Hinterbein greift und kopuliert. Bei allen Paarungen verbeißt sich das Männchen in der Flanke des Weibchewns. Die Paarung dauert 42 ± 12 (26-62) Sek. n = 8, wobei der Gebnitalkontakt vom Männchen einige Sekunden vor dem Biß beendet wird.. Die einzige Literaturmeldung über die Paarung mit Oberschenkelbiß bei dieser Lacertide wird als eine Fehlbeobachtung unter Freilandbedingungen bedeutet. Bosch, H.A. in den (1998): Terrarienbeobachtungen an Timon princeps (BLANFORD, 1874). – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 8 (3): 80-87. (35-04) Es wird über die Größe, die Färbung und das Verhalten im Terrarium der iranischen Timon princeps, sowie über Daten zur Überwinterung aus dem Verlauf einer eineinhalbjährigen Haltungsperiode berichtet. Weil die Tiere während dieses Zeitraums ihr Gewicht weitgehend verdoppelt haben, jedoch kaum gewachsen sind, wird vermutet, daß sie beim Eintreffen erst subadult waren. Die Färbung ändert sich bei T. p. princeps im Jahresverlauf kaum, obwohl das Männchen zwischen April und Juni eine wenig intensive Blaufärbung der Kopfseiten und des Kinns zeigt. Im Terrarium bleibt die Art scheu. Als Futter akzeptiert die Zagroseidechse die übliche Terrarien-Insektendiät und auch Schnecken. T. p. princeps zeigt schon im August/September Winterschlafneigungen; das einzige T. princeps kurdistanicus-Weibchen erst im Oktober. Überwintert wurden die Eidechsen im Kühlschrank bei 3°C von Ende Oktober bis in den Februar, wobei diese Zeitspanne vermutlich zu kurz war. Bemerkenswert ist, daß vier der fünf Tiere während der Hibernation eine geringe Gewichtszunahme zeigten. Hinsichtlich der Färbung unterscheiden sich die Subspeczies sehr. Neue Funde von T. p. princeps in Kermanshah/Luristan und im iranischen Kurdistan (T. p. kurdistanica) haben die Lücke zwischen beiden Formen im Zagrosgebirge beträchtlich bis auf 150 km verringert. Bosch, H.A.J. ind en (1998): Prodromus einer Liste der Amphibien und Reptilien Libanons. Prodromus Amphibiorum et Reptilliorum Phoenicia (Amphibia: Reptilia). 9-17. – In: Fritz, U., F.J.Obst & B. Andreas (Hrsg.): Contributions to a „Herpetologica arabica“. Faunistische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, 21 / Suppelement 13. (45-26) Kurzfassung: Acanthodactylus schreiberi syriacus, Acanthodactylus tristrami tristrami, Lacerta fraasii, Lacerta kulzeri, Lacerta laevis laevis, Lacerta media israelica, Lacerta media wolterstorffi, Ophisops elegans. BOSCH, H.A.J. in den (1999): The status of Lacerta mostoufii Baloutch, 1977 (Reptilia: Lacertidae). – Zoology in the Middle East, Heidelberg, 19: 13-16. Kurzfassung: Bosch, H.A.J. in den (1999): Jongen zonder paring: Lacerta armeniaca en Lacerta unisexualis. – Lacerta, 57 (3): 80-90. (16-03) Reproduction of the parthenogenetic forms Lacerta armeniaca and Lacerta unisexualis under captive conditions is documented. A short review of parthenogenesis is given and the origin of known parthenogenetic forms within the genus Lacerta is discussed. The recently described forms eastern Turkey, Lacerta bendimahiensis and Lacerta sapphirina, are illustrated. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2000): Weiteres zur Fortpflanzung von Timon princeps (BLANFORD, 1874). – Die Eidechse, Bonn, 10 (3): 78-83. (44-15) Zwei Weibchen von Timon princeps princeps produzierten im Jahre 1999 je ein befruchtetes Gelege mit 8-10 Eiern. Frische Eier sind durchschnittlich 2,26 g schwer und 13,0 x 21,0 mm groß. Nur zwei Eier entwickelten sich bis zum Schlupf (107 Tage bei 29°C; vermutlich circa 115 Tage bei 25°C). Leider starben beide vollentwickelten Embryonen im Ei ab (1,84 g, 37 + 51 mm KRL + S, und 1,74 g, 37 + 62 mm KRL + S). Möglicherweise waren die Calcium- und Vitamin D³-Versorgung nicht ausreichend. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2000): Bemerkenswertes Sexualabwehrverhalten eines Weibchens von Algyroides moreoticus BIBRON & BORY, 1833. – Die Eidechse, Bonn, 11 (1): 1-4. (56-09) Die Paarungsbisse beim Balzverhalten eines Männchens von Algyroides moreoticus löste eine konkave Rückenkrümmung des Weibchens aus, das kurz danach mit gestreckten Beinen auf dem Rücken lag und ganz schlaff, völlig apathisch wirkte, worauf das Männchen sich letztendlich entfernte. Nur tiefes Atmen verriet, dass sie noch am Leben war. Sie verharrte minutenlang in dieser Lage, und erst nach drei Stunden reagierte sie wieder völlig normal auf externe Reize. Interpretationen als Demutsgebärde oder Totstellverhalten, um vom Männchen nicht weiter beachtet zu werden, wären möglich. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2001): Twins in Lacerta nairensis. – Pod@rcis, 2 (2): 40-43. (65-12) The phenomenon of twins is very rare in lacertids. This conclusion was reached by looking at a recent instance of twins hatching from a singe egg in Lacerta nairensis, an older, but comparable occurrence in Algyroides fitzingeri, as well as my personal experience over many years of incubating lizard eggs. It is estimated that twins occur in 1:5000 to 1:500 eggs. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2001): A herpetological contribution toward nature conservation in Lebanon. – Pod@rcis, 2 (4): 109-116. (65-09) Acanthodactylus grandis, Acanthodactylus schreiberi syriacus, Acanthodactylus tristrami, Lacerta kulzeri, Lacerta laevis laevis, Lacerta media israelica, Lacerta media wolterstorffi, Mesalina brevirostris, Ophisops elegans, Parvilacerta fraasii. Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2001): Mesalina brevirostris Blanford, 1874 (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in Lebanon, with data on reproduction. – Zool. Middle East, 23: 31-46. Kurzfassung: Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2001): Mesalina brevirostris Blanford, 1874 (Reptilia: Lacertidae) in Lebanon, with data on reproduction. – Zool. Middle East, 23: 31-46.Bosch, H.A.J. in den (2002): Informal synonymy of the Lacerta kulzeri group (Lacertidae, Reptilia). – Pod@rcis, 3 (1): 2-16. (65-13) A synonymy of the presently known forms of the Lacerta kulzeri group is presented, and pertinent literature is analyzed. Lacerta kulzeri, Lacerta kulzeri kulzeri, Lacerta kulzeri petraea. BOSCH, H.A.J. in den & E.N. Arnold (1996): De Algerijnse Roodstaartfranjeteenhagedis (Acanthodactylus erythrurus bellii): voortplanting en staartkleur jongen. – Lacerta, 54 (5): 153-160. (03-20) Courtship begins with the animals circling each other quickly for a few minutes in concentric circles (the female on the inside), the male apparently trying to bite the temporal region of the female, but without succeeding since the heads are always parallel. Occasionally the male does bite the flank or tail of the female, though without maintaining his grip. Quite suddenly copulation occurs, preceded by a second or two in which tails and legs seem to become a twirling jumble. In the first 10-20 seconds of the copulation the male, mailny, shows quick frontleg- and tail-movements. There is not bite-hold on the female; the male may even sit in an ´upright` position with neither his head, frontlegs nor front part of his body touching the female. However, after a maximum of approxomately tebn minutes, the male returns to the usual horizental position. Copulation lasts about 45 minutes, after which the pair separates. Bosch, H.A.J. in den & W. Bischoff (1995): Ein seltener Gast: Lacerta chlorogaster BOULENGER, 1908. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 6 (15): 1-5. (11-07) Lacerta chlorogaster verpaart sich mit einen Oberschenkelbiß und unterscheidet sich damit deutlich von Lacerta laevis, die einen Flankenbiß verwendet. EinWeibchen kann zwei Gelege pro Jahr produzieren, mit jeweils 3 bis 6 Eiern. Gesunde Eier messen 6,9 x 10,7 mm und sind 0,31 g schwer. Sie wachsen auf 10,9 x 17,0 mm und 1,15 g heran. Die Jungen schlüpfen nach 55 Tagen, bei 25°C und nach 42 Tagen, bei 29°C. Sie sind 24,3 + 40,0 mm (KR+S) lang und 0,34 g schwer. Erwachsene Männchen verfärben sich im Frühjahr (Angang März), drei bis vier Wochen nach Beendigung der Winterruhe. Die braune Oberseite wechselt in ein grell, neonartiges Grün. Kehle, Bauch und Kopfseiten ändern sich etwas später von schwach grünlich-gelb in ein fast leuchtendes Blaugrün. Mitte Juni verblassen die Farben rasch, und Ende Juni zeigen die Männchen wieder braune Rücken und Köpfe und blaß grünlich-gelbe Unterseiten. Bei den Weibchen und einjährigen Tieren sind die jahreszeitlich bedingten Farbunterschiede weit weniger auffällig. Bosch, H.A.J. in den & W. Bischoff (1996): Erste Erfahrungen mit drei wenig bekannten Lacertiden aus Jordanien, Syrien und dem Libanon. – Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 7 (17): 37-45. Bosch, H.A.J. inden & W. Bischoff (2004): Remarks on the herpetofauna of the Caucasian Republic of Georgia, with spezial reference to the Lacertidae. – Podarcis, Leiden, 5 (2): 28-57. Bosch, H.A.J. in den & R.G. Bout (1998): Relationships between maternal size, egg size, clutch size, and hatchling size in European lacertid lizards. – Journal of Herpetology, 32 (3): 410-417. (02-15) The interspecific relationships among female size, clutch size, egg size, and hatchling size were examined for 65 European lacertids. The eggs of all species increased linearly inboth linear dimensions and mass during incubation. Across species initial egg mass was positively correlated with juveniles mass, with an allometric relationship exponent of 0.87. Initial egg mass across species increased proportionally with female mass to the power of 0.57. Moreover, an increase in maternal mass was also accompanied by an increase in clutch size. The number of eggs per clutch across species scaled with female mass to the power of 0.39. Removing the effect of female mass resulted in a negative correlation between egg mass and clutch size. Species for which the average egg size was lower than expected on the basis of female mass, tended to have larger relative clutch size. The total egg mass per clutch was about one third of female mass (exponent 0.94). Algyroides fitzingeri, Algyroides marchi, Algyroides moreoticus, Algyroides nigropunctatus, Gallotia atlantica, Gallotia galloti eisentrauti, Lacerta agilis agilis, Lacerta lepida, Lacerta media, Lacerta cf. pamphylica, Lacerta schreiberi, Lacerta strigata, Lacerta anatolica anatolica, Lacerta andreanszkyi, Lacerta armeniaca, Lacerta bedriagae bedriagae, Lacerta bedriagae ferrerae, Lacerta cappadocica schmidtlerorum, Lacerta cappadocica cf. wolteri, Lacerta chlorogaster, Lacerta clarkorum, Lacerta daghestanica, Lacerta danfordi bileki, Lacerta danfordi danfordi, Lacerta derjugini cf. barani, Lacerta fraasii,Lacerta graeca, Lacerta horvathi, Lacerta laevis, Lacerta monticola monticola, Lacerta mosorensis, Lacerta nairensis, Lacerta oertzeni ibrahimi, Lacerta oertzeni pelasgiana, Lacerta oxycephala, Lacerta parva, Lacerta parvula, Lacerta praticola pontica, Lacerta rudis obscura, Lacerta rudis ´Sivas`, Lacerta saxicola cf. brauneri, Lacerta unisexualis, Lacerta valentini, Lacerta vivipara, Ophisops elegans, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis dugesii, Podarcis erhardii, Podarcis filfolensis, Podarcis hispanica, Podarcis lilfordi, Podarcis melisellensis, Podarcis milensis, Podarcis muralis, Podarcis peloponnesiaca, Podarcis perspicillata, Podarcis pityusensis, Podarcis sicula, Podarcis taurica taurica, Podarcis tiliguerta, Podarcis wagleriana, Psammodromus algirus, Psammodromus blanci, Psammodromus hispanicus. BOSCH, H.A.J. in den & M. KRONIGER (2008): Bemerkungen zur Blauen Omaneidechse Omanosaura cyanura (ARNOLD, 1972) und deren missglückter Dauerhaltung. – Die Eidechse, Bonn, 19 (3): 65-75. Bosch, H.A.J. in den & C.J.M. Musters (1981): Herpetologische waarnemingen in Griekenland. – Lacerta, Den Haag, 39 (6/7): 77-84. (06-31) Notes are given on the herpetofauna of Greece, with special reference to some of the (sub-) species. The observations were made during a spring trip. Algyroides moreoticus, Lacerta graeca, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta trilineata, Podarcis muralis albanica, Podarcis peloponnesiaca, Podarcis peloponnesiaca peloponnesiaca, Podarcis peloponnesiaca thair, Podarcis peloponnesiaca phryne, Podarcis peloponnesiaca lais, Podarcis taurica, Podarcis taurica taurica, Podarcis taurica ionica Bosch, H.A.J. in den, Odierna, G., Aprea, G., Barucca, M., Canapa, A., Capriglione, T. & E. Olmo (2003): Karyological and genetic variation in the Middle Eastern lacertid lizards Lacerta laevis and Lacerta kulzeri-complex: a case of chromosomal allopatric speciation. – Chrom. Res., 11: 165-178. Bosch, H.A.J. in den & Zandee (2001): Courtship behaviour in lacertid lizards phylogenetic interpretations of the Lacerta kulzeri complex (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Neth. J. Zool., 51: 263-284.. Bosch, P. Bosch, P. (1990): Een morfologische bijzonderheid bij de Spaanse smaragdhagedis (Lacerta schreiberi). – Lacerta, 48 (3): 80-81. (21-16) Comparing the head scales of female and male L. schreiberi the following differences was observed. Females have touching prefrontal scales, males have one or two scales between the prefrontals. Botte, V. Botte, V. (1973): Morphology and histochemistry of the oviduct in the lizard Lacerta sicula. The annual cycle. – Bollettino Zool., 40 (3-4): 305-314. Botte, V. (1973): Some aspects of oviduct biochemistry in the lizard Lacerta sicula in relation to the annual cycle. – Bollettino Zool., 40 (3-4): 315-321. Botte, V. (1974): L´induzione della sinteoi di avidua nell´oriduttok di Lacerta sicula ad opera legti or ormani sesuali. – Bollettino Zool., 41 (4): 462-463. Im Rahmen einer Türkei-Exkursion im April/Mai 2001 wurden auch Lacertiden an verschiedenen Orten in der Osttürkei besucht. Es konnten Eremias strauchi, Ophisops elegans, Parvilacerta parva, Darevskia v. valentini und eine unbekannte Farbvariation von D. valentini cf. lantzicyreni gefunden werden. Botte, V. (1974): The hormonal control of the oviduct in the lizard Lacerta sicula Raf. 1. The effects of ovariectomy and steroid replacement. – Monitore zool. ital. (N.S.), 8 (1-2): 47-54. Botte, V., Angelini, F. & O. Picariello (1978): Autumn photothermal regimes and spring reproduction in the female lizard, Lacerta sicula. – Herpetologica, 34 (3): 298-302. (41-26) For a normal reproductive cycle to occur, female Lacerta sicula must be exposed to a relatively low temperature during the autumn season. When animals captured between September and January are held at a constant temperature of 30°C, the refractory period (which usually disappears in late autumn) persists. In addition, it appears that photoperiod is a factor of secondary importance in determining the disappearance of refractoriness. Botte, V., Angelini, F., Picariello, O. & R. Molino (1976): The regulation of the reproductive cycle of the female lizard Lacerta sicula sicula Raf. – Monitore Zool. Ital. (n.S.), 10: 119-133. Botte, V. & C. Basile (1974): The hormonal control of the oviduct in the lizard Lacerta sicula Raf. 2. The effects of PMS administration in normal and ovariectomized animals. – Monitore zool. ital. (N.S.), 8 (1-2): 55-59.
Boudjemadi, K. Boudjemadi, K., Martin, O., Simon, J.C. & A. Estoup (1999): Development and cross-species comparison of microsatellite markers in two lizard species Lacerta vivipara and Podarcis muralis. – Molecular Ecology, 8: 518-520. Boulenger, George Albert Boulenger, G.A. (?): A revision of the lizards of the genus Nucras. – Annals of the South African Museum. 195-218. (50-25) Boulenger, G.A. (?): Description of a new South African lizard of the genus Eremias. – Annals of the South African Museum. 217-219. (21-19) Eremias aspera. Boulenger, G.A. (1878): Sur les espèces d´Acanthodactyles des bords de la Méditerranée. – Bull. Soc. zool. France, 3: 179-201. Boulenger, G.A. (1881): On the lizards of the genera Lacerta and Acanthodactylus. – Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881: 739-747 Boulenger, G.A. (1884): Description of a new variety of Lacerta viridis, from South Portugal. – Proceed. Scient. Mett. Soc. London, 1884: 418-421. Boulenger, G.A. (1887): Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. III. Lacertidae. – London, 1887: I-XII + 1-118. (02-14) Tachydromus sexlineatus, Tachydromus smaragdinus, Tachydromus tachydromoides, Takydromus amurensis, Poromera fordii, Gastropholis vittata, Lacerta echinata, Lacerta ocellata, Lacerta ocellata var. pater, Lacerta ocellata var. tangitana, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta viridis var. schreiberi, Lacerta viridis var. strigata, Lacerta viridi, var. major, Lacerta princeps, Lacerta agilis, Lacerta agilis var. exigua, Lacerta parva, Lacerta vivipara, Lacerta praticola, Lacerta taurica, Lacerta peloponnesiaca, Lacerta muralis, Lacerta muralis var. brueggemanni, Lacerta muralis var. tiliguerta, Lacerta muralis var. caerulea, Lacerta muralis var. filfolensis, Lacerta muralis var. balearica, Lacerta muralis var. lilfordi, Lacerta muralis var. hispanica, Lacerta muralis var. bedriagae, Lacerta depressa, Lacerta dugesii, Lacerta oxycephala, Lacerta danfordi, Lacerta brandtii, Lacerta laevis, Lacerta jayakari, Lacerta galloti, Lacerta atlantica, Lacerta perspicillata, Algiroides nigropunctatus, Algiroides moreoticus, Algiroides fitzingeri, Psammodromus hispanicus, Psammodromus blanci, Psammodromus microdactylus, Psammodromus algirus, Tropidosaura montana, Nucras tessellata, Nucras delalandii, Latastia longicaudata, Latastia boscae, Latastia carinata, Latastia spinalis, Acanthodactylus boskianus, Acanthodactylus cantoris, Acanthodactylus syriacus, Acanthodactylus schreiberi, Acanthodactylus micropholis, Acanthodactylus savignyi, Acanthodactylus scutellatus, Acanthodactylus pardalis, Acanthodactylus vulgaris, Acanthodactylus tristrami, Cabrita leschenaultii, Cabrita jerdonii, Cabrita chaperi, Ophisops jerdonii, Ophisops beddomii, Ophisops occidentalis, Ophisops elegans, Ophisops schlueteri, Ophisops microlepis, Ichnotropis capensis, Ichnotropis squamulosa, Eremias nitida, Eremias spekii, Eremias lugubris, Eremias brenneri, Eremias pardaloides, Eremias guttulata, Eremias brevirostris, Eremias rubropunctata, Eremias suborbitalis, Eremias namaquensis, Eremias undata, Eremias pulchella, Eremias lineo-ocellata, Eremias burchellii, Eremias capensis, Eremias velox, Eremias fasciata, Eremias intermedia, Eremias arguta, Eremias argus, Eremias multiocellata, Eremias quadrifrons, Eremias przewalskii, Eremias vermiculata, Scapteira knoxii, Scapteira depressa, Scapteira serripes, Scapteira reticulata, Scapteira scripta, Scapteira grammica, Scapteira acutirostris, Scapteira ctenodactyla, Scapteira cuneirostris, Aporosaura anchietae, Holaspis guentheri, Boulenger, G.A. (1887): List of reptiles and batrachians from Cyprus. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) XX: 344-345. Boulenger, G.A. (1887): Second list of reptiles and batrachians from Cyprus. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) XII: 505-506. Boulenger, G.A. (1891): On Simony´s lizard, Lacerta simonyi. – Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1891: 201-203. Boulenger, G.A. (1891): Catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of Barbay (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), based chiefly upon the notes and collections made in 1880-1884 by M. Fernand Lataste. – Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 13 (1): 93-168. (06-14) Lacerta ocellata, Lacerta ocellata pater, Lacerta ocellata tangitana, Lacerta viridissima, Lacerta muralis, Lacerta perspicillata, Psammodromus blanci, Psammodromus microdactylus, Psammodromus algirus, Acanthodactylus boskianus, Axanthodactylus scutellatus, Acanthodactylus pardalis, Acanthodactylus vulgaris, Eremias guttulata, Ophisops occidentalis. Boulenger, G.A. (1894): Descriptions of a new lizard and a fish obtained in Formose by Mr. Holst. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 14: 462-463. BOULENGER, G.A. (1897): Description of a new lizard from Obok. – Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 19: 467-568. BOULENGER, G.A. (1899): Descriptions of two new lizards from the Interior of British East Africa. – Proc. Zool. Soc., London, 1899: 96-98. Boulenger, G.A. (1899): Descriptions of two new lizards from the interior of British East Africa. – Proc. zool. Soc London, 1899: 96-98. Boulenger, G.A: (1905): A contribution to our knowledge of the varieties of the Wall Lizard (Lacerta muralis) in Western Europe and North Africa. – Trans zool. Soc. London, 17 (4): 351-436. Boulenger, G.A. (1907): Remarks on Prof. L. von Méhely´s paper “Zur Lösung der ´Muralis-Frage`”. – Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., 20 (7): 39-46. BOULENGER, G.A. (1907): Descriptions of two new African lizards of the genus Latastia (L. johnstonii, L. burii). – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist (7) 19: 392-394. Boulenger, G.A. (1908): Description of a new species of Lacerta from Persia. – Proc. zool. Soc. London, 1908: 934-936. Boulenger, G.A. (1909): Descriptions of a new lizard of the genus Acanthodactylus from Syria. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, 4: 188-189. Boulenger, G.A. (1910): Remarks on Prof. L. von Méhely´s recent contribution to the knowledge of the lizards allied to Lacerta muralis. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,London, 8 (5): 547-556. Boulenger, G.A. (1910): A list of the reptiles and batrachians of Cyprus. – Bull. Cypr. Nat. Hist. Soc., 1: 1-3. Boulenger, G.A. (1911): On the Peloponnesian lizard (Lacerta peloponnesiaca Bibr.). – Proc. Zool. Soc.London, 1911: 37-40. Boulenger, G.A. (1913): Second contribution to our knowledge of the varieties of Wall Lizard (Lacerta muralis). – Trans. zool. Soc. London, 20 (3): 135-216. Boulenger, G.A. (1916): Description of a new genus of the family Lacertidae from Central Africa. – Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8), 18: 112-114. Boulenger, G.A. (1916): On the lizards allied to Lacerta muralis, with an account of Lacerta agilis and L. parva. – Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 31 (1): 1-108. (39-28) Boulenger, G.A. (1917): On the variation of the Common lizard Lacerta vivipara. – J. Zool. Research, London, 2 (1): 1-16. Boulenger, G.A. (1917): A revision of the lizards of the genus Tachydromus. – Mem. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, Calcutta, 5 (6): 207-235. Boulenger, G.A. (1918): Sur les lézards de genre Acanthodactylus Wiegm. – Extrait du Bulletin de la Societé zoologique de France, 43: 143-155. (03-05) Acanthodactylus vulgaris, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. atlantica, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. mauritanica, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. blanci, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. lineo-maculatus, Acanthodactylus savignyi, Acanthodactylus pardalis, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. bedriagae, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. maculatus, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. latastei, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. spinicauda, Acanthodactylus schreiberi, Acanthodactylus boskianus, Acanthodactylus cantoris, Acanthodactylus cantoris var. blanfordii, Acanthodactylus cantoris var. arabicus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. longipes, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. audouini, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. aureus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. inornatus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. dumerilii. Boulenger, G.A. (1918): Description of a new lizard of the genus Acanthodactylus from Mesopotamia. – J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc., 25: 373-374. Boulenger, G.A. (1918): A synopsis of the lizards of the genus Eremias. – Journal of Zoological Research, 3: 1-12. Boulenger, G.A. (1919): On a new variety of Acanthodactylus boskianus Daud. from the Euphrates. – Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 9 (3): 549-550. Boulenger, G.A. (1919): Le lézard vert de la Péninsule Ibérique, ses variations et sa distrubution. – Extracto del Boletin de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, Madrid, 19: 59-66. (13-08) Lacerta agilis, Lacerta parva, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta princeps, Lacerta ocellata. Boulenger, G.A. (1920): Monograph of the Lacertidae. Vol. I. London (Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.). 352 S. (02-16) Nucras emini, Nucras delalandii, Nucras boulengeri, Nucras intertexta, Nucras intertexta var. holubi, Nucras tessellata, Lacerta agilis, Lacerta agilis var. spinalis, Lacerta agilis var. chersonensis, Lacerta agilis var. exigua, Lacerta parva, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta viridis var. strigata, Lacerta viridis var. major, Lacerta viridis var. woosnami, Lacerta viridis var. schreiberi, Lacerta princeps, Lacerta ocellata, Lacerta ocellata var. pater, Gallotia atlantica, Gallotia caesaris, Gallotia caesaris var. gomerae, Gallotia galloti, Gallotia stehlini, Gallotia simonyi, Zootoca vivipara, Zootoca fraasii, Zootoca derjugini, Zootoca praticola, Zootoca vauereselli, Podarcis taurica, Podarcis taurica var. ionica, Podarcis peloponnesiaca, Podarcis muralis, Podarcis muralis var. fiumana, Podarcis muralis var. lissana, Podarcis muralis var. melisellensis, Podarcis muralis var. serpa, Podarcis muralis var. campestris, Podarcis muralis var. albiventris, Podarcis muralis var. hieroglyphica, Podarcis muralis var. erhardi, Podarcis muralis var. quadrilineata, Podarcis muralis var. filfolensis, Podarcis muralis var. lilfordi, Podarcis muralis var. pityusensis, Podarcis muralis var. brueggemanni, Podarcis muralis var. nigriventris, Podarcis muralis var. insulanica, Podarcis muralis var. tiliguerta, Podarcis muralis var. bedriagae, Podarcis muralis var. sardoa, Podarcis muralis var. liolepis, Podarcis muralis var. hispanica, Podarcis muralis var. vaucheri, Podarcis muralis var. bocagii, Podarcis muralis var. monticola, Podarcis muralis var. breviceps, Podarcis muralis var. horvathi, Podarcis muralis var. cauicasica, Podarcis muralis var. chalybdea, Podarcis muralis var. saxicola, Podarcis muralis var. portschinskii, Podarcis muralis var. defilippii, Podarcis muralis var. rudis, Lacerta chlorogaster, Lacerta jacksonii, Lacerta brandtii, Lacerta laevis, Lacerta jayakari, Lacerta danfordii, Lacerta danfordii var. anatolica, Lacerta danfordii var. graeca, Lacerta oxycephala, Lacerta mosorensis, Lacerta dugesii, Centromastix echinata, Thetia perspicillata, Algiroides fitzingeri, Algiroides moreoticus, Algiroides nigropunctatus, Algiroides africanus, Algiroides boulengeri, Algiroides alleni. Boulenger, G.A. (1921): Monograph of the Lacertidae. Vol. II. London (Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.). 451 S. (02-17) Philochortus spinalis, Philochortus phillipsii, Philochortus neumanni, Philochortus intermedius, Philochortus hardeggeri, Latastia johnstonii, Latastia siebenrocki, Latastia burii, Latastia boscae, Latastia wachei, Latastia longicaudata. Latastia longicaudata var. andersonii, Latastia longicaudata var. revoili, Latastia carinata, Apathya cappadocica, Acanthodactylus vulgaris, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. belli, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. atlanticus, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. mauritanicus, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. blanci, Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. lineomaculatus, Acanthodactylus tristrami, Acanthodactylus boueti, Acanthodactylus savignyi, Acanthodactylus pardalis, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. bedriagae, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. maculatus, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. latastii, Acanthodactylus pardalis var. spinicauda, Acanthodactylus micropholis, Acanthodactylus schreiberi, Acanthodactylus schreiberi var. syriacus, Acanthodactylus boskianus, Acanthodactylus boskianus var. asper, Acanthodactylus boskianus var. euphraticus, Acanthodactylus cantoris, Acanthodactylus cantoris var. blanfordii, Acanthodactylus cantoris var. arabicus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. longipes, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. audouini, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. aureus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. inornatus, Acanthodactylus scutellatus var. dumerili, Acanthodactylus fraseri, Acanthodactylus grandis, Gastropholis vittata, Bedriagaia tropidopholis, Poromera fordii, Apeltonotus dorsalis, Tachydromus amurensis, Tachydromus tachydromoides, Tachydromus wolteri, Tachydromus septentrionalis, Tachydromus formosanus, Tachydromus khasiensis, Tachydromus smaragdinus, Tachydromus sauteri, Tachydromus sexlineatus, Tachydromus haughtonianus, Platyplacopus kuehnei, Tropidosaura montana. Psammodromus blanci, Psammodromus hispanicus, Psammodromus microdactylus, Psammodromus algirus, Ichnotropis tanganicana, Ichnotropis bivittata, Ichnotropis capensis, Ichnotropis longipes, Ichnotropis chapini, Ichnotropis squamulosa, Cabrita leschenaultii, Cabrita jerdonii, Ophisops jerdonii, Ophisops beddomii, Ophisops occidentalis, Ophisops elegans, Ophisops elegans var. ehrenbergii, Ophisops elegans var. persicus, Ophisops elegans var. mizolepis, Ophisops elegans var. schlueteri, Ophisops microlepis, Eremias nitida, Eremias nitida var. garambensis, Eremias quadrinasalis, Eremias spekii, Eremias lugubris, Eremias mucronata, Eremias smithii, Eremias erythrosticta, Eremias striata, Eremias brenneri, Eremias guineensis, Eremias guttulata, Eremias guttulata var. olivieri, Eremias guttulata var. martini, Eremias guttulata var. latastii, Eremias guttulata var. susana, Eremias guttulata var. balfouri, Eremias adramitana, Eremias brevirostris, Eremias rubropunctata, Eremias namaquensis, Eremias undata, Eremias benguelensis, Eremias lineo-ocellata, Eremias lineo-ocellata var. pulchella, Eremias aspera, Eremias burchelli, Eremias capensis, Eremias velox, Eremias velox var. persica, Eremias bedriagae, Eremias nikolskii, Eremias regeli, Eremias fasciata, Eremias vermiculata, Eremias quadrifrons, Eremias przewalskii, Eremias multiocellata, Eremias multiocellata var. yarkandensis, Eremias multiocellata var. saturata, Eremias multiocellata var. koslowi, Eremias pleskei, Eremias intermedia, Eremias argus, Eremias argus var. brenchleyi, Eremias arguta, Scaptira knoxii, Scaptira suborbitalis, Scaptira reticulata, Scaptira ctenodactyla, Scaptira cuneirostris, Scaptira lineolata, Scaptira scripta, Scaptira transcaspica, Scaptira acutirostris, Scaptira persica, Scaptira grammica, Macmahonia aporosceles, Aporosaura anchietae, Holaspis guentheri. Boulenger, G.A. (1923): Étude sur les batraciens et les reptiles rapportés par M. Henri Gadeau de Kerville de son voyages zoologique es Syrie (avril – juin 1908). – Voyage zoologique d´Henri Gadeau de Kerville en Syrie (avril – juin 1908). Paris (Ballière & Sons), 4: 1-55.
Bou-Resli, M. Bou-Resli, M. (1974): Ultrastructural studies on the intercellular bridges between the oocyte and follicle cells in the lizard Acanthodactylus scutellatus Hardyn. – Zeitschrift Anat. Entwickl.-gesch., 143 (3): 239-254. Bourquin, O. Bourquin, O. (1987): Herpetofauna in the Natal Parks Board Reserves and Resorts. – Herp. Assoc. Afr., 36: 19-25. (57-30) The herpetofauna of Natal is surveyed and the numbers of species occurring in Natal Parks Board reserves is listed. Those species not as yet found in reserves are discussed and the research and management tasks on herpetofauna which still need to be done in Natal are indicated. Ichnotropis capensis, Ichnotropis squamulosa, Nucras lalandii, Nucras taeniolata ornata, Pedioplanis burchelli, Pedioplanis lineoocellata lineoocellata, tropidosaura cottrelli, Tropidosaura essexi, Tropidosaura montana natalensis, Tropidosaura rangeri.
Bousbouras, D. Bousbouras, D. & Y. Ioannidis (1994): Amphibien und Reptilien des Prespa-Nationalparks und der Gebirgsregion um Florina (Mazedonien, Griechenland). – Salamandra, Rheinbach, 30 (3): 209-220. (45-06) 22 Reptilien- und 11 Amphibienarten werden vom gebirgigen Gebiet Florina im Grenzdreieck von Griechenland, Albanien und der Republik Makedonien berichtet. Ihre Verbreitung in diesem gebiet und einige ökologische und biogeographische Daten werden angegeben. Algyroides nigropunctatus, Lacerta viridis viridis, Lacerta trilineata trilineata, Lacerta agilis bosnica, Podarcis muralis albanica, Podarcis erhardii riveti, Podarcis taurica taurica.
Bowker, Richard, G. Bowker, R.G. (1986): Patterns of thermoregulation in Podarcis hispanica (Lacertilia: Lacertidae). – In: Rocek,Z. (ed.): Studies in Herpetology. Prague 1986: 621-626. (05-10) BOWKER, R.G., BOWKER, G.E., WRIGHT, C. & D. CLARK (2001): Movement patterns of the lizard Podarcis bocagei (Reptilia: Lacertidae). – In: Vicente, L. & E.G. Crespo (eds.): Mediterranean Basin Lacertid Lizards – A Biological Approach. Abstracts. p. 129. Bowker, R.G., Spindler, H., Tilden, A., Bairos, V.A. & R. Murray (1987): Reflections on lizard skin: the ultrastructure of the scales of Cnemidophorus exsanguis and Podarcis bocagei. – In. Gelder, J.J. van, Strijbosch, H. & Bergers, P.J.M. (eds.): Proc 4th Ord. Gen. Meet. S.E.H., Nijmegen 1987: 83-86. (26-13) The reptilian integument serves a variety of functions, including reduction of water loss, protection against mechanical injury, thermoregulation and locomotion. Recent reviews of scale structure and development summarize current understanding of the integument. The complexity of the skin is related to the diversity of functions, although structural-functional relationships are not always evident. Interest in reflectivity prompted this work; here we examine the structure and ultrastructure of the dorsal and ventral skin of Cnemidophorus exsanguis (Teiidae) and Podarcis bocagei (Lacertidae) and especially the reflective properties of dermal iridophores.
Bowles, Frank D. Bowles, F.D. (1988): A short note on the herpetofauna of Gozo. – British Herpetological Society Bulletin, 26: 21-22. (36-21) Podarcis filfolensis. Bowles, F.D. (1989): A note on the herpetofauna of South-East Cyprus. – British Herpetological Society Bulletin, 30: 22-25. (62-26) Acanthodactylus schreiberi, Ophisops elegans. Bowles, F.D. (1991): A short note on the herpetofauna of Brittany´s Canal Banks (or verging on disaster, a cautionary note on french fauchage). – British Herpetological Society Bulletin, 36: 36-38. (39-10) Lacerta vivipara, Podarcis muralis. Bowles, F.D. (1995): Observations on the distribution of the Common lizard (Lacerta vivipara) in Scotland. – British Herpetological Society Bulletin, 54: 32-33. (50-23) BOWLES, F.D. (2002): Update on the status of the green lizard (Lacerta viridis) and wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) in Jersey. – Herpetological Bulletin, 80: 2-3. BOWLES, F.D. (2002): Are common lizards increasing their range in Scotland? – Herpetological Bulletin, 80: 4-6.
Boycott, Richard C. Boycott, R.C. (1992): An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Swaziland. – Mbabane. Swaziland. – The Conservation Trust of Swaziland, 1992: 1-31. (24-25) Nucras lalandii, Nucras taeniolata holubi, Nucras ornata- Boycott, R.C. & J.B. Culverwell (1992): Swaziland herpetofauna: A preliminary synthesis. – J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 40: 38-41. (52-21) The herpetofauna of Swaziland has been inadequately documented. A study of the reptiles of Swaziland conducted principally by the junior author over more than two decades is now being written up and an amphibian survey of Swaziland is currently being carried out by the senior author. Preliminary checklists of the amphibians and reptiles have been prepared and are presented. Within Swaziland regional components of amphibian and reptile communities are identified and effectively indicate a rich and diverse herpetofauna. Nucras lalandii, Nucras taeniolata holubi, Nucras ornata.
Bradshaw, S.D. Bradshaw, S.D., Saint Girons, H. & F.J. Bradshaw (1991): Seasonal changes in material and energy balance associated with reproduction in the green lizard, Lacerta viridis, in western France. – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 12: 21-32. (09-30) Rates of turnover of oxygen, water and sodium were measured in free-ranging and captive Lacerta viridis in western France during their period of reproduction in May, and again in late autumn prior to their entering winter hibernation. Rates of CO² production and turnover of water and sodium in captive lizards showed little significant variation and these animals appeared to be buffered to a large extent from environmental changes, even though they were exposed to external climatic influences. Overall means for rates of CO² production in free-ranging individuals did not vary statistically between seasons but considerable individual variation was observed during the breeding season in May. The animals could be divided into ´active` and ´inactive` groups on the basis of their rate of CO² production and other significant differences were apparent between these two groups: ´active` individuals had increased rates of sodium turnover, lower body water contents and lost body mass during the period of observation whereas the ´inactive` individuals gained mass over the same period. These data suggest that not all individuals necessarily participate in the activity associated with breeding in spring in this species and further behavioural studies would seem appropriate in the light of these physiological data. Calculation of the ´Water Effectiveness Index` for this species from the ratio of water to energy turnover suggests that Lacerta viridis is a profligate utiliser of aavilable resources when compared with similar-sized species of lizards inhabiting desert environments. Bradshaw, S.D., Saint Girons, H., Naulleau, G. & K.A. Nagy (1987): Material and energy balance of some captive and free-ranging reptiles in Western France. – Amphibia-Reptilia,Leiden, 8: 129-142. (09-10) Rates of turnover of water, energy and sodium were measured in free-ranging and enclosed Lacerta viridis and Vipera aspis at a site in Western France in late summer. Rates of CO² production did not differ significantyl between free-ranging Lacerta and those maintained in larger outdoor enclosures and averaged 0.371 ± 0.056 mL (g.hr)-1 which was sifnificantly greater (P < 0.05) than the rate of 0.152 ± 0.02 mL (g.hr)-1 recorded for Vipera aspis living in similar outdoor enclosures. Rates of water, but not sodium, turnover were significantly greater in free-ranging than in enclosed Lacerta (12.03 ± 1,21 mL (100g.day)-1 versus 7.46 ± 1.03 mL (100g.day)-1 respectively), suggesting that the free-ranging individuals, which were captured along a canal, had access to a source of free water not linked with their diet. Field Metabolic Rates (FMR) of Lacerta were positevely and significantly correlated with the rate of water turnover and analysis of influx and efflux data indicate that this lizard requires on the average approximately 8mL (100g.day)-1 of water to maintain its hydric balance. A similar analysis suggests that this species requires roughly 1meq (kg.day)-1 of sodium for the maintenance of electrolyte balance. Rates of sodium and water turnover were significantly correlated in captive Lacerta, the diet of which was supplemented daily with mealworms and crickets, but the correlation in the case of animals living by the canal was not significant, indicating again that sources of water and sodium intake were independent in these individuals. Rates of water and sodium turnover were low in the vipers maintained in external enclosures and both elements were in negative balance, as would be expected with non-feeding animals. The data reveal a small but significant intake of sodium however, which was not identified. A regression of water intake versus rate of weight loss suggest that Vipera aspis requires an intake of approximately 2.5mL (100g.day)-1 to maintain hydric balance under these conditions. The data reported here for FMR´s and rates of water turnover are compared with those for other lizards in the literature and suggest that Lacerta viridis falls mid-way between desert and tropical species studies to date. Further work with temperate-living species should prove of value in delineating the physiological capacities of terrestrial reptiles. Braña, Florentino Braña, F. (1983): La reproducción de los saurios de Asturias (Reptilia, Squamata): ciclos gonadales, fecundidad, y modalidades reproductorias. –Rev. Biol. Univ. Oviedo, 1 (1): 29-50. (11-06) This paper describes the main aspects of reproduction in the saurian community of Asturias (northern Spain): Reproductive and fat body cycles, fecundity and reproductive modalities. Lacerta monticola, Lacerta schreiberi, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta vivipara, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis hispanica, Podarcis muralis. Braña, F. (1986): Ciclo reproductor y oviparismo de Lacerta vivipara en la Cordillera Cantabrica. – Rev. Español Herpetol., 1: 274-291. Braña, F. (1991): Summer activity patterns and thermoregulation in the Wall lizard, Podarcis muralis. – Herpetological Journal, 1: 544-549. (20-11) Body temperature of active Podarcis muralis from Noreña (Asturias; Northern Spain) during summer averages 33.8°C (SD = 2.0, n = 116), and similar values were found in other close populations (grand mean: 33.8°C, SD = 2.3, n = 171). There were no significant differences neither in body temperatures between populations nor between sex/age groups within populations. Daily activity oattern is bimodal, with depressed activity during the warmer hours at the midday. This pattern of activity, as well as the significant negative correlation between the percentage of lizards at sun and the environmental temperatures, are indicative of behavioural thermoregulation. The standard deviations of the mean body temperature and the slopes of the regressions of body temperature on environment temperatures are indicative of a relatively imprecise thermoregulation. Populations from the highest altitudes show a higher variability in body temperature and a greater dependence on the thermal environment. Braña, F. (1993): Shifts in body temperature and escape behaviour of female Podarcis muralis during pregnancy. – Oikos, 66: 216-222. Braña, F. (1996):Sexual dimorphism in lacertid lizards: male head increase vs female abdomen increase? – Oikos, 75: 511-523. BRAÑA, F. (2003): Morphological correlates of burst speed and field movement patterns: the behavioural adjustment of locomotion in wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). – Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 80: 135-146. BRAÑA, F. & X. JI (2000): Influence of incubation temperature on morphology, locomotor performance, and early growth of hatchling wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). – Journal of Experimental Zoology, 286: 422-433. Braña, F., Arrayago, M.J., Bea, A. & A. Barahona (1990): Ciclo reproductor y de cuerpos grasos en los machos de Lacerta monticola cantabrica. Comparación entre dos poblaciones situadas diferente altitud. – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 11: 41-52. (33-13) Male reproductive and fat body cycles were studies both in a mountain and a lowland population of the lizard Lacerta monticola cantabrica. Specimens were collected at two localities in Asturias (Northern Spain): Vegadeo (100 m a.s.l.) and Arama (1450 m. a.s.l.) BRAÑA, F. & A. BEA (1987): Bimodalite de la réproduction chez Lacerta vivipara (Reptilia, Lacertidae). – Bull. Soc. Hérpetol. Fr., 44: 1-5. Braña, F., Bea, A. & M.J. Arrayago (1991): Egg retention in lacertid lizards: relationships with reproductive ecology and the evolution of viviparity. – Herpetologica, 47 (2): 218-226. Braña, F., González, F. & A. Barahona (1992): Relationship between ovarian and fat body weights during vitellogenesis for three species of lacertid lizards. – Journal of Herpetology, 26 (4): 515-518. (02-18) Lacerta monticola, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis muralis. BRAÑA, F. & X. JI (2007): The selective basis for increased egg retention: early incubation temperature determines hatchling phenotype in Wall Lizards (Podarcis muralis). – Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 92: 441-447.
Branch, William R. Branch, W.R. (1980): Chromosome morphology of some reptiles from Oman and adjacent territories. – J. Oman. Stud. Spec. Rep.No. 2: 333-345. BRANCH, W.R. (1988): Life History Note: Pedioplanis burchelli: Reproduction. – Jour. Herp.Ass. Afr., 35: 39. Branch, W.R. (1990): The herpetofauna of the Cape Province, South Africa: New distribution records and zoogeography. – J. Herp. Assoc. Afr., 37: 17-44. (54-25) Numerous new distribution records are given for 19 amphibian, 3 tortoise, 32 lizard, and 15 snake species and subspecies in the Cape Province, particularly in the eastern and central karroid regions. Many species are shown to have much wider distributions than previously believed. The importance of the mountains of the inland escarpment as a refugium for temperate species, the presence of isolated populations of western arid species in the karroid valleys of the northern Cape Fold Mountains, and the possible vicariant effects caused by sea level fluctuations on species inhabiting the southern Cape coastal plain, are briefly discussed. Meroles knoxii, Meroles suborbitalis, Nucras lalandii, Nucras taeniolata taeniolata, Pedioplanis burchelli, Pedioplanis laticeps, Pedioplanis namaquensis, Pedioplanis undata inornata. Branch, W.R., Baard, E.H.W., Haacke, W.D., Jacobsen, N., Poynton, J.C. & D.G. Broadley (1987): A provisional and annotated checklist of the herpetofauna of Southern Africa. – J. Herp. Assoc. Afr., 34: 1-19. (34-04) Aporosaura anchietae, Heliobolus lugubris, Holaspis guentheri laevis, Ichnotropis capensis, Ichnotropis grandiceps, Ichnotropis squamulosa, Lacerta australis, Lacerta rucicola, Latastia johnstonii, Meroles ctenodactylus, Meroles cuneirostris, Meroles knoxii, Meroles micropholidotus, Meroles reticulatus, Meroles suborbitalis, Nucras caesicaudata, Nucras intertexta, Nucras lalandii, Nucras taeniolata taeniolata, Nucras taeniolata ornata, Nucras tessellata tessellata, Nucras tessellata livida, Pedioplanis breviceps, Pedioplanis burchelli, Pedioplanis laticeps, Pedioplanis lineoocellata lineoocellata, Pedioplanis lineoocellata inocellata, Pedioplanis lineoocellata pulchella, Pedioplanis namaquensis, Pedioplanis undata undata, Pedioplanis undata rubens, Pedioplanis undata gaerdesi, Tropidosaura cottrelli, Tropidosaura essexi, Tropidosaura gularis, Tropidosaura montana montana, Tropidosaura montana natalensis, Tropidosaura montana rangeri. Branch, W.R. & D.G. Broadley (1985): Ichnotropis Peters, 1854 (Reptilia, Sauria): proposed conservation by the suppression of Thermophilus Fitzinger, 1843. Z.N. (S.) 2377. – Bull. Zool. Nom., 42 (1): 89-90. Brandl, Roland Brandl, R. & W. Völkl (1988): Tail break rate in the madeiran lizard (Podarcis dugesii). – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 9: 213-218. (17-04) In the madeiran lizard, Podarcis dugesii (Milne-Edwards, 1829) adult animals force juveniles to use pessimal habitats with few escape sites. Consequently, juvenile individuals in populations with a high density show the highest rate of tail breaks. Brändle, Martin Brändle, M. & M.-O. Rödel (1994): Beiträge zur Kenntnis der iberischen Herpetofauna. – Herpetozoa, Wien, 7 (1/2): 19-27. (25-02) Im Laufe von zehn Jahren wurden auf zehn Exkursionen Daten zu zwanzig Amphibien- und dreißig Reptilienarten der Iberischen Halbinsel gesammelt. Der Schwerpunkt der Exkursionen lag im östlichen Nordspanien und in der Extremadura. Wir berichten über uns bemerkenswert erscheinende Beobachtungen an Salamandra salamandra almanzoris MÜLLER & HELLMICH, 1935, Rana perezi SEOANE, 1885, Lacerta viridis (LAURENTI, 1768), Lacerta monticola BOULENGER, 1905 und Malpolon monspessulanus (HERMANN, 1804). Außerdem werden alle Fundorte mit einer kurzen Biotopbeschreibung und den dort beobachteten Arten aufgelistet. Acanthodactylus erythrurus, Algyroides marchi, Lacerta bonnali, Lacerta lepida, Lacerta monticola, Lacerta schreiberi, Lacerta viridis, Lacerta vivipara, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis hispanica, Podarcis muralis, Psammodromus algirus, Psammodromus hispanicus.
Braun, Max Braun, M. (1877): Lacerta lilfordi und Lacerta muralis zugleich ein Beitrag zur Reptilienfauna der kleinen Inseln des Mittelmeers. – Arbeiten aus dem Zoologisch-zootomischen Institut in Würzburg, 4: 1-64. (22-01) Lacerta lilfordi, Lacerta muralis, Lacerta faraglionensis, Lacerta filfolensis, Lacerta melisellensis, Lacerta archipelagica. Braun, M. (1877): Das Urogenitalsystem der einheimischen Reptilien entwicklungsgeschichtlich und anatomisch bearbeitet. – Arbeiten aus dem Zoologisch-zootomischen Institut in Würzburg, 4: 113-234. (49-01) Lacerta agilis. Braun, M. (1886): Bemerkungen über Lacerta melisellensis Br. – Zoologischer Anzeiger, 9: 426-428. Bravo, T. Bravo, T. (1953): Lacerta maxima: n.sp. de la fauna continental extinguida en al Pleistoceno de las Islas Canarias. – Est. Geol. Inst. Invest. Geol. Lucas Mallada,Madrid, 9: 7-34.
Brehm, A. BREHM, A., HARRIS, A.D.J., ALVES, C.D., JESUS, J.D., THOMARAT, F.D. & L.D. VICENTE (2003): Structure and evolution of the mitochondrial DNA complete control region in the lizard Lacerta dugesii (Lacertidae, Sauria). – Journal of Molecular Evolution, 56 (1): 46-53. Brehm, A., Jesus, J., Spinola, H., Alves, C., Vicente, L. & D.J. Harris (2003): Phylogeography of the Madeiran endemic lizard Lacerta dugesii inferred from mtDNA sequences. – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26: 222-230. BREHM, A., KHADEM, M., JESUS, J., ANDRADE, P. & L. VICENTE (2001): Lack of congruence between morphometric evolution and genetic differentiation suggests a recen t dispersal and local habitat adaptation of the Madeiran lizard Lacerta dugesii. – Genet. Sel. Evol., 33 (6): 671-685.
Breinl, W. Breinl, W. (1961): Tauchende Eidechsen. – Aquarien Terrarien, Leipzig, 8 (6): 184. (05-24) Lacerta agilis agilis, Lacerta vivipara.
Brelih, Savo Brelih, S. (1954): Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Kriechtierefaubna Sloweniens. – Biol. Vest., Ljubljana, 3: 128-131. (Slowenisch mit deutscher Zusammenfassung) Brelih, S. (1961): Sieben neue Rassen der Art Lacerta (Podarcis) sicula Raf. (Lacertidae, Reptilia) aus dem Gebiet Rovinj-Porec. – Biol. Vest., Ljubljana, 9: 71-91. (Slowenisch mit deutscher Zusammen-fassung) Brelih, S. (1963): Prispevek k poznavanju kvarnerskih kuscaric (Reptilia, Lacertidae). (Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Eidechsen aus dem Quarnero-Gebiet). – Biol. Vest., Ljubljana, 11: 107-113. (42-11) Der Verfasser besuchte 26 Inseln im Golfe von Quarnero, von denen 21 herpetologisch bisher noch nicht untersucht wurden. Dabei fand er mehrere neue Eidechsenrassen, von denen er in der vorliegenden Arbeit nur eine beschreibt (Lacerta sicula fiumanooidea). Bei den anderen noch nicht beschriebenen Rassen ist noch eine genauere Analyse erforderlich, weil ähnliche Formen auch auf den Inseln außerhalb des Golfes von Quarnero auftreten. Außerdem fand der Verfasser auf den quarnerischen Inseln 2 Eidechsenarten, die bisher auf den adriatischen Inseln noch nicht bekannt waren, u. zw. die in der Stadt Cres häufige Lacerta muralis (Laurenti) und auf der kleinen Inseln Trstenik (südöstlich der Insel Cres) lebende Lacerta viridis (Laurenti). Weiterhin stimmt der Verfasser mit der Meinung Taddei´s überein, daß die Population vom Inselchen Galiola zwischen Südistrien und der Insel Lošinj der Unterart Lacerta sicula insularum Mertebns angehört.
Bressi, N. Bressi, N. (1995): Erpetofauna delle foci del Fiume Isonzo, e note eco-etologiche sulla erpetofauna dell Isola della Cona (Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italia Nord-Orientale). – Atti Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Trieste, 46: 179-220.
Bringsøe, Henrik Bringsøe, H. (1985): A check-list of Peloponnesian amphibians and reptiles, including new records from Greece. – Ann. Mus. Goulandris, Kifissia, 7: 271-318. Bringsøe, H. (1986): Podarcis peloponnesiaca (Bibron und Bory, 1833) – Peloponnes-Eidechse. – In: Böhme, W. (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Band 2/II Echsen III (Podarcis). 209-230. (45-05) Bringsøe, H. (1988): Comments on Chondropoulos, B.P. (1986): A checklist of the Greek reptiles. I. The lizards. Amph.-Rept. 7: 217-235. – Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden, 9: 201-204. (09-11) Algyroides moreoticus, Algyroides nigropunctatus, Lacerta agilis bosnica, Ophisope elegans ehrenbergii, Ophisope elegans macrodactylus, Podarcis erhardii livadiaca, Podarcis erhardii naxensis, Podarcis erhardii thessalica, Podarcis taurica ionica. Bringsøe, H. (1995): Neuer Nachweis der Prachtkieleidechse Algyroides nigropunctatus (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1839) für Zentral-Griechenland. – Sauria, Berlin, 17 (3): 35-38. (13-07) The new locality record of Algyroides nigropunctatus is situated in the southern part of its range, in Central Greece north of the Gulf of Corinth. The locality is the village of Domnista, located in the Panaetolikon mountain massif in the southern part of the Nomos of Evrytanias and the Eparchia of Evrytanias (between Karpenisi and Nafpaktos). It is farther inland (40 km north of the Gulf of Corinth) than any other localities known from the south. The nearest known locality if Tichio, 32 km southeast of Domnista. Bringsøe, H. (1993): Nachweis der Kanareneidechse Galloti galloti auf Madeira. – Salamandra, Bonn, 29 (2): 143-145. (22-27) During the nineteenth century, single individuals of Gallotia galloti (OUDART 1839) have been reported from Madeira, believed to have been introduced by man. A small group has now (February 1992) been recorded in the botanical garden in the northeastern part of Funchal, assumed to be due to a recent introduction. It is speculated whether the species will be able to survive on Madeira. The climate of southern Madeira is quite similar to that of parts of the Canary Islands inhabited by G. galloti. But on the other hand, G. galloti has apparently not been able to survive on Madeira after previous introductions.
Brito, José C. Brito, J.C. (1994): Areas potenciais para a conservação do Lagarto-de-Agua, Lacerta schreiberi, em Portugal. – Degree Thesis. Dept., Zóologia e Antropologia, Faculdade de Ciencias Universidade de Lisboa. Brito, J.C., Brito e Abreu, F., Paulo, O.S., Rosa, H.D. & E.G. Crespo (1996): Distribution of Schreiber´s Green lizard (Lacerta schreiberi) in Portugal: A predictive model. – Herpetological Journal, 6: 43-47. (33-29) The geographic distribution of the endemic Iberian lizard Lacerta schreiberi in Portugal was determined through extensive field surveys. Subsequently, a logistic regression model which predicts the probability of occurrence, based on environmental variables, was developed. We found that L. schreiberi is more widely distributed than previously thought, through most of central/northern Portugal, including the coastal zone and extending into low altitude zones. New isolated populations were also detected and the area occupied by three previously known southern isolates was enlarged. The model indicates that the distribution of L. schreiberi is largely explained by environmental parameters such a insolation, evapotranspiration, rain, humidity and soil-drainage. Values of probability of occurrence greater than 0.50, as determined by our model, correspond with the actual presence of the species. Brito, J.C., Godinho, R., Luis, C., Paulo, O. & E.G. Crespo (1998): Management strategies for conservation of the lizard Lacerta schreiberi in Portugal. – Biological Conservation, 89: 311-319. Brito, J.C., Paulo, O.S. & E.G. Crespo (1998): Distribution and habitats of Schreiber´s Green Lizard (Lacerta schreiberi) in Portugal. – Herpetological Journal, London, 8 (4): 187-194. (51-09) We describe the habitats of the endemic Iberian lizard Lacerta schreiberi in Portugal and determine those habitat components that bast explain the presence of the species. The geographic distribution of L. schreiberi inPortugal was also determined through extensive field surveys. The previously known distribution area was enlarged by 150 % and new isolated populations were detected. The area occupied by the three previously known southern isolates was delimited and increased by 300 %. The species is usually restricted to the margins of rivers and streams. Major habitat characteristics that correlate with the presence of the species are water velocity and quality, dominant species in the tree and shrub strata, streams surrounding the biotopes, and altitude. Nevertheless, the selection patterns that L. schreiberi seems to exhibit are only a consequence of its preference for the Atlantic climate. Consequently the presence of the species in a given watercourse seems to be more dependent on the climate of that region than on the intrinsic characteristics of that watercourse Brito, J.C., Pinto, I., Rosário, I., Pombo, I., Monteiro, J.L., Brito e Abreu, F., Paulo, O.S., Rosa, H.D. & E.G. Crespo (1994): New population of Lacerta schreiberi found in the Portuguese Estremadura. – Abstract III. Congreso Luso-Español de Herpetologia, Bodajoz, 19-23/09/1994..
Brito e Abreu, F. BRITO e ABREU, F., BRITO, J.C., PAULO, O.S., ROSA, H.D. & E.G. CRESPO (2001): Habitat evaluation and priority areas for the conservation of the Schreiber’s Green Lizard (Lacerta schreiberi) in Portugal. – In: Vicente, L. & E.G. Crespo (eds.): Mediterranean Basin Lacertid Lizards – A Biological Approach. Abstracts. p. 129. Brizzi, Rossana Brizzi, R. & B. Lanza (1975): The natural history of the Macinaggio Islets (Northeastern Corsica) with particular reference to the herpetofauna. – Natura, Soc. ital. Sci. Nat., Museo civ. Stor. Nat. e Acquario civ., Milano, 66 (1-2): 53-72. (10-23) This paper gives some notes on the geography, geology, botany and zoology of the Macinaggio Islets (northeastern Corsica), which until now have been pratically unknown. The small archipelago is formed of the Isolotto di Terra, Isolotto di Mezzo and Isolotto Finocchiarola and was probably isolated from Corsica 5-6000 years ago. The herpetofauna consists of the Gekkonids Phyllodyctylus europaeus Gené and Tarentola mauritanica mauritanica L. and a new, ventrally reddish subspecies of the wall-lizard: Podarcis tiliguerta rodulphisimonii.
Broadley, Donald G. BROADLEY, D.G. (1967): A new species of Ichnotropis (Sauria: Lacertidae) from the Botswana-Caprivi border. – Arnoldia, 3 (24): 1-5. Broadley, D.G. (1972): A review of the Nucras tessellata group (Sauria: Lacertidae). – Arnoldia, Salisbury, 5 (20): 1-36. BROADLEY, D.G. (1979): A field study of two sympatric “annual” lizards (genus Ichnotropis) in Rhodesia. – S. Afr. J. Zool., Pretoria, 14 (3): 133-138. BROADLEY, D.G. (1979): A field study of two sympatric “annual” lizards (genus Ichnotropis) in Rhodesia. – S. Afr. J. Zool., Pretoria, 14 (3): 133-138. Broadyley, D.G. (2000): Lacertidae – Holaspis laevis (WERNER, 1895). Eastern Serrate Toed Tree lizard. – African Herp. News, No. 31: 13-14. Broadley, D.G. & K.M. Howell (1991): A check list of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. – Syntarsus, 1: 1-70. (63-05) This check list records 273 species of reptiles from Tanzania, divided among the suborders as follows: Pleurodira 6; Cryptodira qq; Sauria 120; Amphisbaenia 11; Serpentes 123; Crocodylia 2. Synoptic keys are provided for the identification of the various taxa. A zoogeographical analysis has resulted in the taxa being assigned to the floristic rehions defined by White (1983). Adolfus jacksoni, Adolfus vauereselli, Holaspis guentheri laevis, Gastropholis prasina, Gastropholis vittata, Nucras boulengeri, Nucras taeniolata ornata, Ichnotropis tanganicana, Ichnotropis bivittata, Ichnotropis squamulosa, Heliobolus neumanni, Heliobolus spekii spekii, Latastia longicaudata revoili, Latastia johnstoni.
Broggi, Mario F. Broggi, M.F. (1978): Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf der Insel Lesbos (Griechenland). – Salamandra, Frankfurt/Main, 14 (4): 161-171. (48-09) Die Herpetofauna von Lesbos setzt sich aus folgenden Arten zusammen: Hyla a. arborea, Rana r. ridibunda, Testudo graeca ibera, Mauremys caspica rivulata, Agama st. Stellio, Cyrtodactylus kotschyi, Ophisaurus apodus, Lacerta t. trilineata, Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii, Typhlops vermicularis, Natrix natrix persa und Eirenis m modestus. Broggi, M.F. (1994): Feldherpetologische Beobachtungen und Bemerkungen zu schützenswerten Biotopen auf griechischen Inseln. – Herpetozoa, Wien, 7 (1/2): 29-34. (25-01) Beobachtungen zur Herpetofauna einiger griechischer Inseln werden wiedergegeben. Neue Reptilienfunde liegen vor uns: Emys orbicularis (Samothrake), Hemidactylus turcicus und Ophisaurus apodus (Chios), Podarcis taurica, Elaphe situla (Lefkas), Coluber gemonensis (Karpathos) und Natrix natrix (Kythira). Podarcis taurica ionica. Broggi, M.F. (1997): Notizen zur Herpetofauna von Kalymnos und Leros (Dodekanes, Griechenland). – Herpetozoa, Wien, 10 (3/4): 135-138. (11-23) Folgende Neunachweise von Reptilien auf den beiden Dodekanes-Inseln Leros und Kalymnos wurden erbracht: Testudo graeca ibera (Kalymnos), Malpolon monspessulanus (Kalymnos). Am Beispiel von Bufo viridis wird klar, wie stark seine reliktären Insel-Vorkommen durch die Gefährdung der letzten Feuchtgebiete bedroht sind. Ophisops elegans. Broggi, M.F. (1999): Notizen zur Herpetofauna der Ägäisinsel Gökçeada. – Herpetozoa, Wien, 12 (1/2): 73-78. (52-17) Vorkommen von Hyla arborea, Testudo graeca ibera, Emys orbicularis und Elaphe situla werden erstmals für die türkische Ägäisinsel Gökçeada nachgewiesen. Ophisope elegans. Broggi, M.F. (2000): Herpetological notes on the islands of Milos and Sifnos (cyclades, Greece). – Herpetozoa, Wien, 13 (1/2): 89-93. (49-23) In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden vor allem die durch menschliche Aktivitäten zunehmend beeinträchtigten Feuchtlebensräume der griechischen Kykladeninseln Milos und Sifnos untersucht. Die Kleinstpopulationen der hygrophilen Amphibien und Reptilien sind stark gefährdet. So ist Mauremys rivulata auf Sifnos wahrscheinlich bereits ausgestorben und sind die einzigen zwei auf Milos beobachteten Vorkommen stark gefährdet. Auch der Seefrosch (Rana sp.) muß heute auf Sifnos und Milos als stark gefährdet betrachtet werden. Lacerta trilineata, Podarcis erhardii, Podarcis milensis. Broggi, M.F. (2001): Bemerkungen zur Herpetofauna der Ägäisinsel Ikaria (Griechenland). – Herpetozoa, Wien, 14 (1/2): 9-14. (66-07) Den bisher von der Insel Ikaria bekannten zwei Amphibien- und 10 Reptilienarten wird eine weitere Reptilienart (Ophisaurus apodus) hinzugefügt. Die im Vergleich zur benachbarten Insel Samos artenarme Herpetozönose von Ikaria ist durch kleinasiatische Elemente geprägt. Auffällig sind durchwegs starke Populationen, insbesondere bei Rana sp., Laudakia stellio, Lacerta oertzeni und Mauremys rivulata. Lacerta oertzeni, Ophisops elegans macrodactylus. Broggi, M.F. (2002): Herpetological notes on the Dodecanese Islands of Symi and Sesklia (Greece). – Herpetozoa, Wien, 15 (3/4): 186-187. (67-18) Testudinidae: Testudo graeca ibera. Agamidae: Laudakia stellio daani. Gekkonidae: Cyrtopodion kotschyi steindachneri, Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus. Lacertidae: Lacerta oertzeni pelasgiana, Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii. Scincidae: Ablepharus kitaibelii kitaibelii. Amphisbaenidae: Blanus strauchi. Colubridae: Coluber (Hierophis) caspius, Coluber nummifer, Eirenis modestus. Viperidae: Vipera xanthina.
Brown, R. Brown, R., Gist, D. & D. Taylor (1995): Home range ecology of an introduced population of the European wall-lizard Podarcis muralis (Lacertilia; Lacertidae) in Cincinnati, Ohio. – American Midland Naturalist, 133: 344-359. Brown, R., Taylor, D. & D. Gist (1995): Effect of caudal autotomy on locomotor performance of wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). – Journal of Herpetology, 29: 98-105. Brown, R.P. BROWN, R.P., HOSKISSON, P.A., WELTON, J.A. & M. BÁEZ (2006): Geological history and within-island diversity: a debris avalanche and the Teneriffe lizard Gallotia galloti. – Molecular Ecology, 2006: 1-10. Brown, R.P. & V. Pérez-Mellado (1994): Ecological energetics and food acquisition in dense Menorcan islet populations of the lizard Podarcis lilfordi. – Funct. Ecol., 8: 427-434. BROWN, R.P., TERRASA, B., PÉREZ-MELLADO, V., CASTRO, J.A., HOSKISSON, P.A., PICORNELL, A. & M.M. RAMON (2008): Bayesian estimation of post-Messinian divergence times in Balearis island lizards. – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 48: 350-358. Brückner, Martina Brückner, M. & A. Düring (2002): PCR-RFLP: Eine schnelle und preisgünstige biochemische Methode zur Artgrenzen-Erkennung im Lacerta viridis/bilineata Komplex. – Mertensiella, Rheinbach, 13: 40-44. (61-10) Die beiden Gruppen des Lacerta viridis/bilineata Komplexes, die westliche Lacerta bilineata und die östliche L. viridis, lassen sich bislang morphologisch nur anhand der Kehlfärbung der Jungtiere unterscheiden. Dieses Merkmal lässt sich bei der Feldbestimmung nur bedingt einsetzen, was die Artbestimmung insbesondere in der Kontaktzone erschwert. Das mitochondriala Genom beider Arten zeigt sich jedoch deutlich differenziert. Aufgrund dessen wurde ein Schnelltest entwickelt, der anhand eines Abschnitts des für das Cytochrom b codierenden Gens ohne die teure und zeitaufwendige DNA-Sequenzierung eine sichere Bestimmung der Artzugehörigkeit ermöglicht. Da für diese Methode kein frisches Tiermaterial erforderlich ist, lassen sich z.B. auch Totfunde und Museumsmaterial nutzen. Neben der bestimmung der Artzugehörigkeit eignet sich der PCR-RFLP auch zur Erkennung potentieller Introgressionsereignisse ine iner möglichen Hybridzone. Brückner, M., Klein, B., Düring, A., Mentel, T., Rabus, S. & J.T. Soller (2002): Phylogeographische Analyse des Lacerta viridis/bilineata Komplexes: Molekulare Muster und Verbreitung. – Mertensiella, Rheinbach, 13: 45-51. (63-11) Der Lacerta viridis/bilineata Komplex zeigt in seinem Verbreitungsgebiet eine Differenzierung in eine westliche (L. bilineata) und eine östliche Form (L. viridis). Zur phylogeographischen Analyse der Differenzierungsmuster, insbesondere von L. bilineata in Italien und der Abgrenzung von L. bilineata gegen L. viridis, wurde von Individuen mehrerer Populationen beider Formen ein Abschnitt des für das Cytochrom b codierenden mitochondrialen Gens sequentiert. Weiterhin wurden die Allozymvariabilität der Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase (G-&-PDH) sowie die Variabilität der Blutplasmaproteine von mehreren Populationen bestimmt.
Bruekers, Jaco M.B.M. Bruekers, J.M.B.M. (1987): De ruinhagedis (Podarcis sicula), verzorgen en kweken. – Lacerta, 45 (8): 122-125. (41-18) The author keeps Podarcis sicula in a terrarium measuring 60x50x90 cm (LxWxH). The animals are fed with living insects. The males can be very aggressive occasionally. After a hibernation of eight weeks the animals start mating. The females produce one of three clutches of three to ten eggs. After some 34 days the young hatch. Bruekers, J. (1995): Waarnemingen aan de Pityusenhagedis (Podarcis pityusensis) op Mallorca. – Lacerta, 54 (1): 9-12. (37-17) The well known occurrence of P. pityusensis on old overgrown walls in Palma de Mallorca is mentioned. The species is imported; they originate on the Pityusic Islands and not the Balearics. The basic colour of this lizard is moss green. Their markings are very variable; individuals were found varying from uniform green, non marked, to heavily marked. The question arises why this lizard which elsewhere utilises great variety of biotopes, does not seem able to populate a larger part of Mallorca. It is, however, clear that apparently all suitable habitat is already utilised by Tarentola mauritanica. Bruekers, J. (1997): Beobachtungen an einigen Echsen auf der Insel Menorca, Spanien. – herpetofauna, Weinstadt, 19 (111): 16-18. (43-16) Es werden Angaben zur Verbreitung von Teira perspicillata, auf der Baleareninsel Menorca und Beobachtungen über den Lebensraum auf dieser Insel und ihr gemeinsames Vorkommen mit Podarcis siculus cetti und Tarentola mauritanica mitgeteilt Bruekers, J. (2003): Nieuwe vindplaats van de Italiaanse muurhagedis (Podarcis sicula sicula) in Frankrijk (Hyeres, Cóte d´Azur). Lacerta, 61 (6): 203-205. (70-01) Summary: Bruekers, J. (2004): Eerste ervaringen met de Chinese langstaarthagedis, Takydromus septentrionalis (Günther 1864). – Lacerta, 62 (5). BRUEKERS, J. (2005): Waarnemingen aan de Spaanse Zandloper in de Provence, Zuid-Frankrijk. – Lacerta, 63 (2): 66-68. BRUEKERS, J. (2006): Waarnemingen aan een nieuwkomer op Corfu: de Muurhagedis (Podarcis muralis albanica). – Lacerta, 64 (4): 161-165. BRUEKERS, J. (2006): Waarnemingen aan de Ruinhagedis (Podarcis sicula sicula) en de Muurgecko (Tarentola mauritanica) in Noord-Italië (Gardammer). – Lacerta, 64 (3): 101-105. BRUEKERS, J. (2007): Wiederentdeckung von Podarcis pityusensis pityusensis in Barcelona. – Die Eidechse, Bonn, 18 (3): 79-84.
Brüggemann, Petra Brüggemann, P. (1988): Untersuchungen zur Ökologie der Zauneidechse, Lacerta agilis (LINNAEUS 1758). – Diplomarbeit Universität Bremen. Brüggemann, P. (1990): Zauneidechse (Lacerta agilis LINNAEUS 1758). – NZ NRW Seminarberichte, Naturschutzzentrum NRW, Recklinghausen, 9: 14-17. (36-25)
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